Kidnapping in Nigeria is a serious security threat, it is usually perpetrated by bandits and insurgents, it is an organized crime that Nigerian security agencies have not been able to stop or reduce the prevalence. The current wave of abductions across the country makes everyone a potential victim irrespective of social or economic class. Kidnapping for ransom thrives in Nigeria because material incentive and opportunities are there, the security system is abysmally inadequate therefore criminals are incentivized to continue their criminal acts without any visible consequence and accountability. Kidnapping is the act of holding a person captive to make them offer something (cash/ransom) for their release or freedom. The motivation for kidnapping could be driven by monetary gain or politics. There are different types of kidnapping however in Nigeria, the main form of kidnapping is for ransom or ritual. This paper reviewed literature on the topic to understand the increasing trend of kidnapping in Nigeria and why Nigeria security agencies have not been able to curb kidnapping crimes. It used secondary data collected in the 36 states in Nigeria and Abuja from 1st April 2022 to 30th September 2022 on kidnapping. These data were also used to compare data collated by SBM Intelligence, in ten states in Nigeria, 2020. Findings revealed similarities in the outcome in 2020 and 2022 kidnapping data. It identified a high level of insecurity in Nigeria, and ineffectiveness of the security agencies, which continue to foster kidnapping crime including associated problems with the 2023 general election. Nigeria has endemic and deteriorating socio-economic, political problems, and impact of major natural/human-induced disasters are also triggers of kidnapping. Recommendation and conclusion identified early warning systems as one of the mechanisms to prevent kidnapping and willingness of FGN (Federal Government of Nigeria) to keep peace and maintain safety to protect the nation from disasters and emergencies.
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