The underrepresentation of Girls and women in Science,
Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields is
an ongoing issue, with significant consequences for
individuals, communities, and society. This study investigates
the causes and effects of gender disparity in STEM and
identifies remedies for this problem. The under-representation
of female students in Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Mathematics courses inhibits their potential to maximize their
career opportunities. It also tightens the noose of
stereotyping of women in general society. Social cognitive
theory informs this study by identifying self-efficacy, interests,
and environmental factors to explain career choices. This
study employs a mixed-method approach, combining
survey data with in-depth interviews and focus groups to
comprehensively understand the gender gap in STEM. The
findings show that the gender gap in higher education STEM
is determined by, Stereotype threat and bias, Lack of role
models and mentorship, Limited access to resources and
opportunities, Sociocultural expectations and norms.
Implications include, Reduced innovation and economic
growth, Reinforcing Gender Stereotypes and Inequality,
Reducing Career Choices, Available to Girls/Women. Based
on these premises, the study makes the following
recommendations, Outreach and mentorship, more
inclusive curriculum design and pedagogies, Bias and
stereotype challenges within education and society. This
study, through its causes and consequences, helps develop
effective solutions that will help foster gender equality and
diversity in the fields of STEM. Ultimately, this research aims to
empower women and girls to pursue STEM careers, driving
innovation and economic growth while promoting a more
inclusive and equitable society. The results have pointed out the call for a multi-faceted approach to addressing the gender gap to promote inclusive STEM education.